GPG/Encryption
Signing Key
Key used to cryptographically sign data. This enables others to verify that data sent by you has not been altered.
Encryption Key
Key used to encrypt data. Data is typically signed with the Signing Key after encryption.
Authentication Key
Key used to Authenticate to systems (e.g. SSH). This will allow other systems to load your public GPG key and enable access to systems without needing any information from you.